Crushing-roll.



No. 666,892. Patented Jan. 29 I90I.

P. ARGALL. CBUS'HING ROLLS.

(Application filed Apr. 10, 1900.)

(No Model.) 5'i5heets-Shaet I.

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CBUSHING ROLLS.

(Application med Apr. 10, 1900.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 666,892. Patented Jan. 29, I901. P. ARGALL.

GRUSHING ROLLS. (Application; filed Apr, 10, 1900.)

5 Sheets$heet 3.

(No Model.)

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Patented Jan. 29,196l.

(Application filed Apr. 10, 1900.)

(No Model.) 5 Sheets$ hset 4.

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NITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

PHILIP ARGALL, OF DENVER, COLORADO.-

CRUSHlNG-ROLL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 666,892, dated January 29, 1901.

Application filed April 10, 1900.

T0 CLZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP ARGALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of 0010- rado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Crushing-Rolls; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to crushing-rolls for crushing and reducing to a finely-pulverized condition rocks, ores, minerals, or other substances requiring to be finely pulverized. Crushing-rolls for this purpose as usually made have one roll mounted in fixed bearings and the other roll mounted in bearings on slides or'some equivalent, such as pivoted levers, and the roll is kept up to its place adjacent to the fixed roll by means of powerful springs connected with the bearings on each side, which furnish the measure of the crushing force. When some uncrushable substance, such as a piece of metal, passes between the rolls, the springs yield to the extra strain and permit the slidingroll to recede from the fixed roll to a sufficient extent to permit the substance to pass through, thus preventing the breakage of the machine or its complete stoppage.

Since the bearings of the sliding roll as now made are separate and distinct, each having its own spring or battery of springs, the sliding roll recedes unequally when the feed is too heavy on one side, as is constantly liable to occur, or when uncrushable substances pass through the rolls on one side of the median line, opening the rolls to a greater extent on that side and causing unequal wear both 011 the journal-collar and on the rolltires by reason of the roll-axles being thrown out of parallelism. As this irregular wear proceeds a very considerable end pressure is set up in the journals and the rolls slip past each other and become flanged. This not only greatly impairs the crushing capacity of the machine, but also causes great waste of the expensive steel tires and very materially increases the demand for power required to operate the rolls. Irregular wear and fianging of the tires is also caused by making the Serial No. 12,316. (No model.)

tension of the springs greater on one side than on the other, an occurrence always present to a greater or less extent in the absence of any equalizing device.

It is the object of the present improvement to do away with all these evils.

My improved rolls are designed, first, to open parallel across the faces while in operation no matter how unequal the feed or the resistance, and, secondly, to avoid end thrust on the journals, which is one of the prime causes of Hanging, by forcing the rolls to slip by each other, and thus wear unequally. To this end I construct them in the manner described below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved machine as organized for fine crushing of dry ores and rock. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a side elevation. Fig. et is a vertical longitudinal section through the bearings of the sliding roll, showing the roll and its shaft entire. Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the swivel journal-boxes. Fig. 6 is a central vertical section of the same journalbox. Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the said journal-box. Fig. Sis a partial longitudinal vertical section of the roller-bearing for the sliding roll, showing the means for guarding against end thrust when only one drivingpulley is employed on the shaft. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the manner of belting and driving the high-speed fine-crushing rolls.

Referring to the drawings, a, is the shaft of the fixed roll.

I) is the shaft of the movable roll.

0 is a strong cast-metal U-shaped frame or yoke which carries the journal-boxes of the movable roll and itself slides back and forth on roller-bearings d d on fixed guides e e, supported on the main frame ff.

g is the movable roll.

it is the fixed roll.

*6 is a dust-proof cast-metal housing inclosing the rolls.

j is a hopper-shaped opening in the top of the housing, conveying the material to be crushed to the passage between the rolls.

is the chute for conveying away the crushed material.

Zis an opening in the side of the housing to permit of the horizontal movement of the sliding-roll shaft.

m m are sliding spring-pressed plates covering the opening Z.

rt n are the driving-pulleys, secured on the ends of the roll-shafts.

0 is an equalizing-lever having a fulcrum 10, taking seat centrally in agroove or recess 11 in the U-shaped frame 0.

pp are tension-rods, one above and one below the roll-bearings on each side, extending from the equalizing-lever 0 back through said bearings to the rear of the machine, where they are made fast to strong head-blocks 12, abutting against the interposed springs or batteries of springs s s, which by means of said equalizing-lever powerfully constrain the U-shaped frame and its contained roll 9 toward the fixed roll.

(1 q are short vertical equalizing-levers for distributing the tension between the upper and lower tension-rods on each side and transmitting it. to the extremities of the equalizinglever o. The tension-rods p are made T- headed to engage with said levers q and secured at the other end to head-blocks 12 by screw-threads and nuts or in any suitable manner.

1' is a feed-hopper which may be used with the machine, but forms no part of the present invention.

2! is the swiveling journal-box, formed with convex cylindrical sides y 1/ fitting into a suitable recess or cavity vertically bored for it on each side in the main frame and in the U-shaped casting 0. (Shown in curved dotted lines in Fig. 2.)

13 is the lidof the oil-cavity for the journal-bearing.

u is a thrust-collar fitting loosely on the roll-shafts outside the bearings and inside the driving-pulleys, rotating with said shafts and pulleys, but having a longitudinal movement on the shafts by means of a suitable spline or feather, as 14. This collar takes seatagainst a recess 15, Fig. 6, in the journal-box, antifriction ball-bearings or other suitable antifriction devices beinginterposed, and itis also recessed to fit over the end of the journalbox to make, in conjunction with the packing 16, a dust-proof bearing. A packing 17 is also employed around the shaft to exclude dust from the bearing. The purpose of the thrust-collar will be later described.

The U-shaped frame has its base recessed and adapted to slide on the roller-bearings d d by means of the recess 18, an adjustable cleat 19 being bolted on to prevent any lifting tendency during severe operations of the rolls, adjustment for Wear being made by removing shims 20, inserted between the cleat and the bottom of the sliding frame and taken out one by one as the wear progresses. To receive the swivel journal-boxes carried on this frame, the latter is vertically bored and recessed on curved lines to fit the curvature 3 7 of the boxes, as shown in dottedlin'es at w 50, Fig. 2, and a portion of the main frame is similarly bored and recessed to receive the swivel-boxes for the fixed rolls. This provision for the journal-boxes is necessitated by the extreme vibration incident to high-speed crushing-rolls and permits asmall range of 0scillation, preventing destructive action upon thejournalsand bearings. Thejournal-boxes are cast in one piece with the overhanging cap 21, undercut and recessed on curved lines to fit over the sides 22 of thejournal-box frame, similarly formed, and are held in place by the tension rods 1), which pass through them with a loose fit. Owing to the tremor or vibration above referred to the fewer bolts used in parts most directly exposed to it the better. These journal-boxes and caps complete have not one single bolt in them.

By the provision of the U-shaped frame above described and the system of equalizinglevers it. results that the strain, however unequal between the rolls, is transmitted to the fulcrum 10 on the central line of the rolls and is distributed to both batteries of springs, so that no matter how unequal the pressure or resistance may be between the rolls at the crushing-points it is distributed, and the total spring-pressure or comprehensive strain between the rolls is transmitted through the central line perpendicular to the axes of the rolls. Consequently the rolls under any and all conditions open and close strictly parallel, preserving uniformity of wear so far as possible and-eliminating end thrust. In order, however, to keep the tires in perfect alinement and provide for the taking up of end wear, the thrust-collars u have been provided, (above described.) The adjustment of these collars is effected and secured by means of the bolts 23 and lock-nuts thereon, the bolts passing through the fixed shaftpulleys or other equivalent abutments to resist the thrust, said bolts having squared outer ends for receiving a wrench to turn them by. \Vhen the shaft is driven by one pulley only, as is the case when large band-wheel pulleys are used, one on each shaft, for coarse crushing, the abutment shown in Fig. Sis employed, which is a split collar fixed on the end of the shaft, recessed or channeled for the purpose, to carry the adjustment-bolts 23 in place of the pulley, or the collar may be fixed on the shaft in any other suitable and secure manner. For high-speed fine crushing, however, I prefer to use the pulleys shown in the drawings. These are of a diameter somewhat less than the rolls, one on each end of each axle or shaft and securely fixed by means of camkeys or other well-known device, whereby the wheels are held rigidly on the shaft and cannot move endwise until unlocked. They are driven by a belt Wound on each set of pulleys after the manner illustrated in the diagram Fig. 9, 24 being the rolls, 25 the pulleys, 26 the driving-pulley, 27 the belt, and 28 an idler-pulley mounted yieldingly to allow for the movement of the movable-roll shaft and adjustable for tension in anywell-known manner.

I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. In crushing-rolls, a main frame, a fixed roll revolubly mounted thereon, a U-shaped frame mounted on said main frame to slide horizontally toward and from said fixed roll, a movable roll revolubly mounted in said sliding frame, spring-compressors secured upon the main frame outside thefixed roll, a system of equalizing-levers fulcrumed upon the sliding frame at a seat on the center line of the rolls, and tension-rods, extending from the compressors to the equalizing-lever system at the outer extremities thereof, whereby the rolls are drawn together through the action of the compressors, substantially as specified.

2. In crushing-rolls, a main frame, a fixed roll revolubly mounted thereon, a U-shaped frame mounted on said main frame to slide on antifriction-hearings, a movable roll revolubly mounted in said sliding frame, springcompressors secured upon the main frame outside the fixed roll, a fulcrum-seat located upon the U-shaped frame on the central line of the rolls, an equalizing-lever fulcrumed on said central seat, and tension-rods extending between said equalizing-lever and the said compressors, substantially as specified.

3. In crushing-rolls, a main frame, a rollshaft and roll revolubly mounted thereon in suitable bearings, a thrustcollar on said shaft, external to the bearing, rotating with the shaft but longitudinally adjustable thereon, said thrust-collar flanged and recessed to fit over the journal-box and packed within said box, to exclude dust from the wearing parts, antifriction means between the rotary collar and the fixed journal-bearing, a driving-pulley fixed on the shaft outside the said collar, whereby motion is imparted to the shaft, and thrust-bolts between said pulley and the thrust-collar, whereby the latter is adjusted for wear, and alinement preserved in the roll against end thrusts, substantially as specified.

4. In crushing-rolls, a main frame, a fixed roll revolubly mounted thereon in fixed bearing-seats, a movable roll revolubly mounted in movable bearing-seats on a movable frame, swiveled journal-boxes in said bearing-seats,

having integral caps fitting the bearing-seats on circular lines, compression-springs outside the fixed roll, an equalizing-lever outside the movable roll, fulcrumed on the movable frame on the central line of said rolls, and tension-rods, extending between said compression-springs and said equalizing-lever, above and below the roll-journals, and passing through the journal-bearing seats and swiveled boxes, whereby the latter are held in position without bolts or other agency, substantially as specified.

5. In crushing-rolls, a fixed-roll shaft and roll, a movable U-shaped frame, mounted on antifriction-bearings, a movable-roll shaft and roll mounted in said frame, driving-pulleys mounted on both ends of said roll-shafts, whereby the rolls are driven without torsion, compression-springs located outside the fixed roll, equalizing-levers located outside the movable roll, centrally fulcrumed on the U- shaped frame, a fulcrum seat on said U- shaped frame on the center line of the rolls, and tension-rods extending between the compression-springs and the equalizing-levers, for transmitting the tension of said springs to said levers and centrally to the U-shaped frame and movable roll,su bstantially as specified.

6. In crushing-rolls, a main frame, a U- shaped frame'mounted on said main frame, horizontally movable thereon, a pair of rollshafts and rolls revolubly mounted in suitable bearings, one on the main frame and the other on the movable U-shaped frame, driving-pulleys fixed on both ends of each rollshaft, outside the bearings, thrust-collars splined on the shafts between the bearings and the said pulleys, rotating with the main shafts but longitudinally adjustable thereon, screw-bolts passing through the fixed pulleys and abutting against the said thrust-collars, whereby the latter are adjusted, springs for drawing the movable roll toward the fixed roll, and means for simultaneously driving said pulleys and rolls in opposite directions, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

PHILIP ARGALL.

Witnesses:

HERBERT M. MUNROE, W. B. TEBBETTS. 

